FORMALDEHYDE

Other Chemical Names: Oxymethylene, Formic Aldehyde, Methylaldehyde

Properties:

• Formaldehyde is found in both liquid and gaseous forms.
• Primarily, it is a gas that remains in the air. A solution of 37% to 50% can be prepared in liquid form, known as formalin.
• Formalin contains approximately 15% methanol.

Gas Properties:

• It has a sharp, pungent odor.
• Vapor Density: 1.08
• Boiling Point: -19°C
• Freezing Point: -118°C
• Autoignition Temperature: 430°C

Solubility:

• Soluble in water and also in alcohol.

Formalin Properties:

• 37% solution containing 15% methanol.
• Boiling Point: 96°C
• Flash Point without methanol: 50°C
• Boiling Point: 101°C
• Flash Point: 85°C
• Relative Density: 1.08

Source:

• Formaldehyde is prepared by the oxidation of synthetic methanol.
• It can also be prepared by the oxidation of low-temperature gases such as propane and butane.
• Silver, copper, and molybdenum are notable catalysts that play an important role in the oxidation process.

Grades:

• Liquid formalin in concentrations of  37%, 40%, 44%, and 50%.

Precautions:

• Inhalation of this gas can be lethal.
• Formaldehyde is flammable in aqueous form always avoid it vapors and ensure skin protection.

Uses:

• Used in various product manufacturing processes.
• Preparation of urea and melamine resins.
• Used in the production of phenolic resins and ethylene glycol.
• Serves as a hardening agent.
• Employed in dye-making.
• Acts as a reducing agent.
• Used in the manufacturing of various disinfectant products.
• Applied in textile fabrics.
• Utilized in various adhesive formulations as well in coating industry.
• Employed in the cosmetics industry.
• Importantly, used as a preservative agent.